Advanced ceramics are also called fine ceramics, high-tech ceramics and so on. But what are the materials of advanced ceramics? Advanced ceramics are different from traditional ceramics. Advanced ceramics are made from artificially synthesized high-purity ultra-fine powders, matched with selected ingredients, and manufactured through molding, sintering and other treatments under very strict process conditions. of. Most of them are polycrystalline sintered bodies, and there are also various forms such as single crystal films, fibers, and amorphous ceramics.
Advanced ceramics
The shortcomings of traditional ceramics are their high strength, but their brittleness, poor reliability, and very difficult machining and welding. Advanced ceramics have high strength, wear resistance, light weight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and have special properties in many aspects such as sound, electricity, light, heat and magnetism. Therefore, advanced ceramics have a wide range of applications, from integrated circuit substrates, capacitors, transformers, sensors to magnetic fluid generator electrodes; from artificial teeth to bioreactors, it is found in all fields of modern science and technology, and the wide range of applications is any material. It is incomparable, so it has the reputation of "universal material".
What is composition of Advanced ceramics? As the advanced ceramics used as structural materials, most of the ceramics developed at home and abroad are silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconia and alumina ceramics.
Silicon nitride ceramics have excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, excellent thermal shock resistance, small high temperature creep, very wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and low specific gravity. It is the most promising high-temperature material for thermal engines.
Silicon carbide ceramic material is a super-hard material. Not only does it have excellent performance at room temperature, but the most important thing is that its high-temperature mechanical properties are the best among current ceramic materials. The high-temperature strength from room temperature to 1000°C can be maintained roughly unchanged. This material is the most stable of non-oxide ceramic materials, has excellent oxidation resistance, is resistant to various acids and alkalis, and has a wide range of uses.
Alumina ceramics generally refer to alumina ceramics with a content of more than 70%, and some are also called corundum. It is not only traditional refractory materials and engineering ceramics, but also widely used electronic ceramics, as well as bio-ceramics.
Alumina ceramics are very easy to sinter and reach the theoretical density. The sintered products are translucent and have very high transmittance to visible light and infrared light. Moreover, the raw materials are abundant, the price is low, and the preparation process is very mature. After the ceramic is transparent, it can have many uses in optics. Translucent alumina ceramics have good light transmission properties, and can withstand high temperature and chemical corrosion, can withstand thermal shocks and have high insulation. It provides tube materials for the third-generation light source-the manufacture of high-pressure sodium lamps. . It can also be used as a window material that transmits infrared light on the head of fighter jets and missiles. Once the alumina transparent ceramics are successfully developed, various transparent ceramics such as magnesia and yttrium oxide can also be developed using similar processes.
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